Senior Military Official: 2,000 Arrested on Espionage Charges

HRANA – The Cultural Deputy of Iran’s Armed Forces General Staff announced that from several months before the start of the 12-day war with Israel until the end of the conflict, around 2,000 people in Iran were arrested on charges of espionage.

According to Daneshjoo News Agency, Abolfazl Shekarchi described the detainees as members of a “vast espionage network,” stating that from several months prior to the outbreak of the war between Israel and Iran until its conclusion, approximately 2,000 individuals linked to this network were apprehended.

He further claimed that “this extensive network was composed of spies and enemy agents, whose formation had taken years of effort. Significant resources were spent, and large sums of dollars were used to train and organize these individuals.”

The military official did not provide further details regarding the identities of those arrested, the time and place of the arrests, the detaining authority, or the judicial process related to the cases.

Meanwhile, following the end of the conflict, numerous reports have emerged indicating an increased use of the charge of “espionage” to arrest, convict, and even execute citizens in various parts of the country.

Although combating espionage is not in itself considered a human rights violation, given the Iranian government’s record of instrumentalizing this charge to target political opponents, such claims, especially in the absence of transparent details and due process—are consistently met with skepticism.

It is worth noting that in the early hours of June 13, 2025, a wave of Israeli airstrikes against Iranian territory began. According to previous field reports by HRANA, these attacks targeted not only military sites but also parts of civilian areas, resulting in the killing and injury of a significant number of civilians.

For more information, readers are encouraged to consult the comprehensive report on the 12-day war between Iran and Israel.

Bahrooz Alikordi Arrested in Mashhad

HRANA – Bahrooz Alikrdi, a relative of Khosrow Alikordi, was arrested yesterday by security forces in Mashhad and transferred to Soroush Detention Center in the city.

Based on information received by HRANA, Mr. Alikordi was arrested today, Monday, November 22, 2025, by security forces at his workplace in Mashhad. Following the issuance of a temporary detention order, he was transferred to Soroush Detention Center. So far, no information has been obtained regarding the reasons for his arrest or the charges brought against him.

Bahrooz Alikordi is the cousin of Khosrow Alikordi, a lawyer and human rights defender from Sabzevar who resided in Mashhad and passed away on the evening of December 5, 2025. His burial ceremony was held on December 7 in Sabzevar and was accompanied by protest chants from attendees, including “Woman, Life, Freedom” and “Long Live Iran.”

On December 12, the seventh-day memorial ceremony for Khosrow Alikordi was held at Ghadir Mosque in Mashhad with a large turnout of citizens. The ceremony was marked by protest chants from participants and ultimately turned violent following the intervention of law enforcement forces. Dozens of attendees were arrested by security forces. On Saturday, the Public and Revolutionary Prosecutor of Mashhad announced the arrest of 39 individuals in connection with the ceremony, stating that they were detained due to what he described as “norm-breaking actions and behavior.” He also claimed that two law enforcement officers were injured during the event.

On December 17, HRANA published a report on the continued legal uncertainty of dozens of those arrested at the ceremony and the release of some on bail. The report provided further details, including the charges against individuals, transfers to Vakilabad Prison in Mashhad, and the release of some detainees under judicial guarantees.

Earlier this week, the Public and Revolutionary Prosecutor of Razavi Khorasan Province announced that out of the 39 individuals arrested in connection with the ceremony, nine have been released after posting appropriate bail.

Appeals Court Upholds One-Year Prison Sentence for Faramarz Se-Dehi

HRANA – The conviction of Faramarz Se-Dehi, a poet and member of the Iranian Writers’ Association, has been fully upheld by Branch 14 of the Khuzestan Province Appeals Court. He had previously been sentenced to one year in prison by Branch 104 of Criminal Court No. 2 in Behbahan.

The ruling was issued on December 16, 2025, by Branch 14 of the Khuzestan Appeals Court. According to the judge’s decision, the appeal was rejected, and Mr. Sehdehi was sentenced to one year of discretionary imprisonment on the charge of “insulting sacred beliefs via Instagram and Telegram messaging platforms.”

This sentence had previously been issued at the preliminary stage by Branch 104 of Criminal Court No. 2 in Behbahan, where a hearing on the charges against Faramarz Se-Dehi had been held.

In April 2025, in a separate case, Faramarz Se-Dehi was sentenced to more than 22 months in prison by Branch One of the Mahshahr Revolutionary Court.

On February 17, 2025, Mr. Se-Dehi was formally charged at Branch Two of the Behbahan Prosecutor’s Office and was released on bail.

Faramarz Se-Dehi is a Khuzestani poet and a member of the Iranian Writers’ Association. He has previously faced convictions due to his activities.

Ehsan Khodayari Arrested in Rasht

HRANA – On December 20, Ehsan (Armin) Khodayari, a citizen from Zanjan, was arrested by security forces in Rasht and transferred to an undisclosed location.

A source familiar with the case told HRANA:
“After completing his sentence at Lakan Prison in Rasht, Ehsan was working at a bakery in Tehran. During his previous imprisonment, his mobile phone had been confiscated by security agencies. Some time ago, he was summoned by phone by the same agency to retrieve his phone. On Friday evening, he traveled to Rasht. After security agents became aware of his presence in the city, they contacted him again. Due to his failure to report, he was questioned and ultimately arrested.”

As of the time of this report, no information is available regarding his place of detention, the reasons for his arrest, or the charges brought against him.

Ehsan Khodayari, 20 years old and originally from Zanjan, has previously faced arrest and judicial confrontations due to his activities.

Three Azerbaijani-Turk Activists Sentenced to Prison by Tabriz Revolutionary Court

HRANA – Amin Taghizadeh, Samad Heydari, and Reza Salimi, three Azerbaijani-Turk activists, have been sentenced by Branch Two of the Tabriz Revolutionary Court to a total of 12 years and 9 months of discretionary imprisonment.

Based on the ruling issued by Branch Two of the Tabriz Revolutionary Court, presided over by Judge Reza Abdi, Amin Taghizadeh, Samad Heydari, and Reza Salimi were each sentenced to three years and seven months in prison on the charge of “assembly and collusion to commit crimes against national security,” and an additional eight months in prison on the charge of “propaganda against the regime.”

Samad Heydari and Reza Salimi had also been arrested earlier, in February 2025, in Tabriz and transferred to The Ministry of Intelligence’s detention facility in the city. Both were ultimately released from Tabriz Prison on February 6, 2025, after posting bail.

In March 2025, the three citizens were summoned to Branch 10 of the Tabriz Public and Revolutionary Prosecutor’s Office after receiving official notices. On March 1, 2025, Amin Taghizadeh was arrested after appearing at the branch and was later released after posting bail.

The court session addressing the charges against Mr. Heydari was held on April 13, 2025.

These Azerbaijani-Turk activists have previously faced judicial confrontations due to their activities.

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Sadegh Mansouri Arrested in Mashhad

HRANA – Sadegh Mansouri, a resident of Mashhad, was arrested yesterday by security forces in the city and transferred to an undisclosed location.

The arrest took place on Sunday, December 21, 2025, when security forces raided his private residence in Mashhad. Based on information received by HRANA, officers stated at the time of arrest that the reason for this action was Mr. Mansouri’s presence at the seventh-day memorial ceremony for Khosrow Alikordi.

So far, no information has been made available regarding his place of detention or the charges brought against him.

Yesterday, the Public and Revolutionary Prosecutor of Razavi Khorasan Province announced that out of 39 individuals arrested in connection with this ceremony, nine have been released after posting appropriate bail.

Previously, on December 18, 2025, HRANA published a report on the continued legal uncertainty of dozens of citizens arrested during the ceremony, as well as the release of some individuals on bail. That report included further details such as the charges attributed to those detained, transfers to Vakilabad Prison in Mashhad, and the release of several detainees under criminal bail orders.

On Friday, December 12, 2025, the seventh-day memorial ceremony for Khosrow Alikordi was held at Ghadir Mosque in Mashhad with a large public turnout. The event was accompanied by protest chants from participants and ultimately turned violent following the intervention of law enforcement forces. During the incident, dozens of attendees were arrested by security forces. On Saturday, the Public and Revolutionary Prosecutor of Mashhad confirmed the arrest of 39 individuals during the ceremony for Khosrow Alikordi, a lawyer, stating that they were detained for what he described as “norm-breaking actions and behavior.” He also claimed that two law enforcement officers were injured during the event.

Sadegh Mansouri is a Mashhad-based citizen and an artist active in the field of calligraphy. He has previously faced security-related confrontations and arrest.

Arrest of Two Relatives of Lawyer Khosrow Alikordi by Security Forces in Sabzevar

HRANA – Today, December 18, Mokhtar Kalmishi and Ahmad Kalmishi, relatives of Khosrow Alikordi, were arrested by security forces at the gravesite of this lawyer in Sabzevar and transferred to an undisclosed location.

The two individuals were arrested today after visiting Khosrow Alikordi’s grave in Sabzevar. As of now, no information is available regarding the reasons for their arrest, their place of detention, or the charges brought against them. Mokhtar Kalmishi is Khosrow Alikordi’s cousin (maternal uncle’s son).

It is worth noting that on Friday, December 12, the seventh-day memorial ceremony of Khosrow Alikordi was held at Ghadir Mosque in Mashhad with a large public turnout. The ceremony was accompanied by protest slogans chanted by participants. Eventually, following the intervention of law enforcement forces, the gathering turned violent, during which at least 27 individuals were arrested. HRANA reported yesterday on the continued detention of some citizens and the release of others on bail.

Khosrow Alikordi, a lawyer and human rights defender from Sabzevar and a resident of Mashhad, passed away on Friday evening, December 5, 2025. His funeral ceremony was held on Sunday, December 7, in Sabzevar and was accompanied by protest slogans from attendees, including “Woman, Life, Freedom” and “Long Live Iran.”

Journalists Majid Beiranvand and Ehsan Moayedi-Kia Sentenced to Prison and Exile

HRANA – Majid Beiranvand and Ehsan Moayedi-Kia, journalists based in Lorestan Province, have each been sentenced by a court to one year of discretionary imprisonment and one year of forced residence in the city of Marvast, Yazd Province.

Based on information received by HRANA, these sentences were issued following their criticism of the Governor of Lorestan and the publication of one of the campaigns registered on the official “Karzar” platform on a Telegram channel.

Further details regarding the charges brought against them and the judicial authority that issued the verdicts are still under investigation by HRANA.

Majid Beiranvand and Ehsan Moayedi-Kia are journalists residing in Lorestan. Mr. Beiranvand is the license holder and editor-in-chief of the local weekly Horo. He also manages the “Seday-e Lorestan” media pages on Telegram and Instagram, which together have more than 40,000 followers.

Dozens Detained Following Seventh-Day Memorial of Khosrow Alikordi in Mashhad; Some Released on Bail

HRANA – At least 27 citizens were detained in connection with the seventh-day memorial ceremony of Khosrow Alikordi in Mashhad, remain in custody. Meanwhile, Kamran Alikordi, Hassan Bagherinia, Pouria Najjarzadeh, Mohammad-Hossein Hosseini, Mohammad Ali Dehestani, and Jafar Karimi have been released on bail.

Based on information received by HRANA, among those arrested on Friday, December 12, coinciding with the memorial ceremony in Mashhad, at least 27 individuals remain detained. Most of them have been issued one-month temporary detention orders, while bail has been set for a small number. The charges brought against most detainees include propaganda against the regime, acting against national security, and assembly and collusion against national security. In recent days, at least six of the detainees have been released on bail.

A knowledgeable source, confirming this news to HRANA, said: “More than 20 of the detained individuals have been transferred to Room 2 of Ward 6/1 at Vakilabad Prison in Mashhad. Those transferred to this location are deprived of phone calls and family visits, which has resulted in families being left without information and has increased their concerns.”

Details regarding the situation of some of the detainees are as follows:

Javad Alikordi is being held under a one-month detention order at The Ministry of Intelligence’s detention facility in Mashhad. Judicial authorities have only informed his family of his appearance before a judicial authority and the continuation of interrogations. A knowledgeable source, confirming this information to HRANA, stated: “Yesterday, Mr. Alikordi’s family, along with one of the lawyers, to the Mashhad Revolutionary Prosecutor’s Office and, after follow-up, learned that his case has been referred to Branch 902 of the investigating judge on charges of assembly and collusion and propaganda against the regime, and a one-month detention order has been issued for him.”

The family of Narges Mohammadi announced that on December 14, after nearly three days without any information, she informed her family of her poor physical condition during a brief phone call. According to her account, during the seventh-day memorial ceremony of Khosrow Alikordi on the outskirts of Mashhad, she was severely beaten with batons to the head and neck area in front of the mosque where the ceremony was held, and was then violently arrested. Narges Mohammadi also stated that due to the severity of the blows, she was transferred to emergency medical services twice, was confronted, without being informed of the detaining authority, with the charge of “cooperation with the State of Israel,” and was threatened. On Tuesday, her husband, Taghi Rahmani, expressed concern, stating that Narges Mohammadi is being held at the Ministry of Intelligence’s detention facility in Mashhad, and that her family and trusted doctors have been denied the possibility of visitation or medical examination.

Ghazal Abdollahi, the daughter of Alieh Motalebzadeh, announced that her mother had a phone call with the family on Sunday evening, December 14, which was monitored by a security agent and broadcast over a loudspeaker. According to her, during this call Ms. Motalebzadeh reported being beaten at the time of her arrest and stated that the investigator of Branch 901 had issued a one-month temporary detention order against her on the charge of assembly and collusion. She also said that she was initially held by the IRGC Intelligence Organization and later transferred to the Ministry of Intelligence office in Mashhad, and that due to the severity of the beatings she was subjected to a medical examination. According to her daughter, despite suffering from breast cancer, she had been denied access to medication and medical care up until the time of this call.

Yaser Dehestani, a lawyer, has been transferred to Vakilabad Prison after bail of 500 million tomans was set. Heydar Chah Chamandi is also facing a one-month detention order and is being held in Vakilabad Prison. For one of the detainees with the last name Moradzadeh, bail of one billion tomans has been set. Milad Fattah, for whom bail has also been determined, remains held in Vakilabad Prison; he has not contacted his family since Friday, which has heightened their concerns.

According to published information, Pouran Nazemi had a brief phone call with her family without any reference to her place of detention.

Ali Adinehzadeh has been barred from phone calls and family visits. Marzieh Adinehzadeh, his daughter, stated that the charges brought against her father are “propaganda against the regime” and “assembly and collusion against national security.”

Fatemeh Ranjbar, the wife of Hamed Rasoulkhani, wrote in a post that bail of 500 million tomans has been set for her husband. She added that a one-month detention order has been issued for Mehdi Rasoulkhani. At present, both Hamed Rasoulkhani and Mehdi Rasoulkhani are deprived of phone calls and are being held in Vakilabad Prison.

According to a statement by Hasti Amiri’s brother on social media on Tuesday, her family is unaware of her place of detention. Meanwhile, the Deputy Prosecutor of Mashhad announced that a one-month temporary detention order has been issued for Ms. Amiri. During the interrogation period, she has been denied the right to make phone calls and to have a lawyer.

In addition, a detention order has been issued for Sepideh Gholian on the charges of “assembly and collusion to commit crimes against national security” and “propaganda against the regime.” According to her brother, Mehdi Gholian, Sepideh has had a brief phone call with her family in recent days, but no details regarding her detention or condition are yet available.

Ali Vosoughinia, a former archaeology student at the University of Tehran, was arrested by security forces on Friday during the seventh-day memorial ceremony of Khosrow Alikordi. After being transferred to Soroush Detention Center and beaten on the pretext of clashing with officers and refusing to provide the password to his mobile phone, he was transferred on Saturday to Vakilabad Prison. Bail of 500 million tomans has also been set for his temporary release.

According to information received by HRANA, 13 other citizens, Abolfazl Abri, Tayebeh Nazari, Nora Haghi (Vahideh Haghparast), Hamed Hosseini, Mohammad Hassan Sadeghian, Mohammadreza Babaei, Javad Jalali, Mahmoud Khanali, Amir Khavari, Hamed Zare’, Mohammad Hossein Boroumand Sharifi, Mohammadreza Salehifar, and Zahra (Raha) Sharifi, are also among those detained in connection with this ceremony and remain in custody.

Some individuals who were arrested on Friday, December 12, at the same time as the seventh-day memorial ceremony of Khosrow Alikordi in Mashhad, have been released after posting bail. According to information obtained by HRANA, Hassan Bagherinia, who had been transferred to Vakilabad Prison, was released from the prison on Monday, December 15, after posting bail. Kamran Alikordi, a relative of Khosrow Alikordi, was released after posting bail of one billion tomans. Pouria Najjarzadeh, a lawyer, has also been released following the ceremony. Mohammad Hossein Hosseini was released in the early hours of Sunday. In addition, Mohammad Ali Dehestani was released on bail from Vakilabad Prison in Mashhad, although his mobile phone has been confiscated by security agencies. Jafar Karimi has also been released on bail.

Mai Sato, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Iran, announced that she is closely following reports regarding the arrests of individuals at the seventh-day memorial ceremony of Khosrow Alikordi in Mashhad. According to her, reports have been received indicating that some of the detainees are being held in undisclosed locations. The UN official emphasized that peaceful mourning and the expression of grief must be respected.

On Friday, December 12, the seventh-day memorial ceremony of Khosrow Alikordi was held with a large turnout at Ghadir Mosque in Mashhad. The ceremony was accompanied by protest slogans chanted by participants. Eventually, following the intervention of law enforcement forces, the event turned violent. During this incident, dozens of participants were arrested by security forces.

On Saturday, the Prosecutor General and Revolutionary Prosecutor of Mashhad announced the arrest of 39 individuals during the seventh-day memorial ceremony of Khosrow Alikordi, a lawyer, in the city. According to him, these individuals were arrested due to what he described as “norm-breaking actions and behaviors.” He also claimed that during the ceremony, two law enforcement officers were injured.

Other individuals were also arrested during the ceremony, and HRANA’s investigations regarding their identities and current status are ongoing.

Khosrow Alikordi, a lawyer and human rights defender from Sabzevar and a resident of Mashhad, passed away on Friday, December 5, 2025. His funeral ceremony was held on Sunday, December 7, in Sabzevar and was accompanied by protest slogans from attendees, including “Woman, Life, Freedom” and “Long Live Iran.” Following this, a large number of lawyers across the country issued a statement, a copy of which was received by HRANA, expressing condolences and sympathy with the family of Khosrow Alikordi and emphasizing the need for a precise, technical, and expert review of the circumstances surrounding his death. They called for all relevant documentation and information to be made available to his family as soon as possible.

Mohammad Zanganeh Arrested in Mashhad

HRANA – Yesterday, Mohammad Zanganeh, a resident of Mashhad, was arrested by security forces in the city and transferred to an undisclosed location.

A source close to Mr. Zanganeh’s family, confirming the news to HRANA, stated: “On Tuesday, December 16, Mohammad Zanganeh was arrested by security forces at his family home in Mashhad and taken to an undisclosed location.”

The source added: “Mr. Zanganeh had previously undergone knee surgery and, due to the presence of around 30 absorbable screws in that area, suffers from limited mobility and is unable to walk properly without assistive devices. Despite his physical condition, he was arrested violently and without the necessary medical precautions. Although his family has followed up with security institutions, no information has so far been obtained regarding his condition or place of detention, which has significantly increased the family’s concerns.”

According to information received by HRANA, the arrest of this citizen was carried out following the publication of posts and videos on social media.

As of the time of this report, no information is available regarding his place of detention or the charges brought against Mr. Zanganeh.

Mohammad Zanganeh is 23 years old, single, originally from Torbat-e Heydarieh, and a resident of Mashhad.