The Fifth Day of Israeli Attacks on Iran: A Review of the Incidents

HRANA News Agency – The military conflict between Iran and Israel, which began in the early hours of Friday, June 13th, with Israeli airstrikes on Iranian territory, entered its fifth day yesterday. Since the outset of the conflict, military installations, civilian infrastructure, and residential areas across Iran have been targeted.

Yesterday, the spokesperson of the Iranian Red Crescent reported that 21 provinces have been affected since the start of Israel’s attacks. According to published reports, at least seven people were killed or injured in yesterday’s assaults. Based on non-governmental sources, as of June 17, 23:00 UTC, the total number of casualties over the past five days has reached at least 1,911, including 585 dead and 1,326 injured.

Geographic Scope of the Strikes

In continuation of Israel’s military attacks on Iranian territory, yesterday energy infrastructure, military facilities, and residential areas were attacked in the provinces of Tehran, Isfahan, East Azerbaijan, Alborz, Markazi, Qazvin, Khuzestan, Hormozgan, West Azerbaijan, Khorasan Razavi, Kurdistan, Kermanshah, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Hamedan, Bushehr, and Kerman. Isfahan Province was Israel’s primary target yesterday.

Regarding the geographical scope of Israel’s attacks in Iran, Mojtaba Khaledi, the spokesperson for the Red Crescent, without naming specific provinces, stated: “Since the beginning of Israel’s attacks, 21 provinces have been involved.”

Casualties among Red Crescent rescue workers in Tehran were among yesterday’s notable events. According to the Red Crescent spokesperson, four rescue workers have been killed in the Israeli attacks so far.

Explosions in some areas have caused extensive damage and likely resulted in additional casualties. Further information is under investigation and will be updated.

Military Equipment and Scale of Attacks

The Israeli army previously announced that during the first three days of attacks on Iran, it conducted 720 airstrikes across various parts of the country. This figure has not yet been updated by Israel.

In the investigations of human rights groups, proportionality under the laws of war is of particular importance — including proportionality between targets and weaponry. According to information gathered from credible sources, the Israeli army used the following weapons in its attack:

 

WeaponTypeModel/VariantDescription & Role
1HaropLoitering attack drone– (IAI Harop)Autonomous kamikaze drone that loiters and dives onto targets (especially radars). Used to suppress Iranian air defenses and communications by homing in on radar emissions.
2HarpyLoitering anti-radar drone– (IAI Harpy)Anti-radiation loitering munition designed to seek and destroy enemy radars. Older, fire-and-forget drone that crashes into SAM radar emitters. Complemented Harop in knocking out Iran’s SAM sites.
3F-35I “Adir”Stealth multirole fighterF-35I (Israel variant)5th-gen stealth fighter jet with Israeli electronics. Penetrated Iranian airspace undetected to lead initial strikes, targeting air defenses, command centers, and nuclear sites with precision munitions.
4F-15I “Ra’am”Strike fighter-bomberF-15I (Israel variant)Long-range heavy fighter (F-15E variant) carrying large payloads (bunker busters, etc.). Non-stealth, but high payload and range; used to bomb hardened sites like Natanz once air defenses were down.
5F-16I “Sufa”Multirole fighterF-16D Block 52+ (Israel)Versatile fighter jet with conformal fuel tanks for extended range. Dropped guided bombs (e.g., SPICE, JDAM) on a wide array of targets (missile launchers, bases, leaders). Backbone of strike force.
6DelilahAir-launched cruise missile– (IMI Delilah)Standoff cruise missile (loitering munition) with ~250 km range. Can loiter and be retargeted in flight. Used to surgically strike mobile or well-hidden targets (radars, convoys) from afar.
7RampageAir-to-surface guided missile– (Elbit Rampage)Supersonic guided strike missile (air-launched rocket) designed to penetrate bunkers and hit high-value targets at long range. Difficult to intercept due to high speed.
8Blue SparrowAir-launched ballistic missile (ALBM)– (Blue Sparrow target missile)Air-dropped ballistic missile used as a pseudo-weapon. Released from aircraft to strike like a short-range ballistic missile. Provided Israel a way to hit distant hardened targets quickly.
9LORAShort-range ballistic missileLORA (IAI)Surface-launched ballistic missile (ground/ship) with ~400 km range and 10 m accuracy. Carries a 570 kg warhead. Used to hit fixed strategic targets (bases, infrastructure) at long range in opening salvo.
10SPICE-1000/2000Precision glide bomb kitSPICE family (Rafael)Electro-optical/GPS guided bombs (1000 lb or 2000 lb) that glide to target. Extremely accurate (<3 m CEP). Used to destroy buildings, runways, and other fixed targets with minimal collateral damage.
11JDAM BombsGPS-guided bomb (kit)GBU-31 JDAM etc.Joint Direct Attack Munition – a guidance kit for 500–2000 lb bombs using GPS/INS. Turns “dumb” bombs into all-weather smart bombs (~5–10 m accuracy). Formed a large portion of munitions dropped on Iranian targets.
12GBU-39 Small Diameter BombGuided glide bombGBU-39/B SDB I250 lb glide bomb with GPS guidance and pop-out wings (range ~110 km). Small warhead for pinpoint strikes on SAM sites, launchers, etc. Allows multiple bombs per aircraft hardpoint.
13GBU-28 “Bunker Buster”Laser/GPS guided bombGBU-28/B5,000 lb deep-penetration bomb developed to destroy heavily fortified underground facilities. Can penetrate dozens of feet of concrete/earth. Deployed by F-15I against Iran’s buried nuclear sites (e.g. Natanz).

 

Latest Casualty Figures

Since the beginning of Israel’s attacks on Iran, hundreds of both military and civilian individuals have been killed or injured. The military or civilian status of a significant number of the victims cited in this report remains under investigation.

In addition to the figures reported during the first four days of attacks, HRANA, after reviewing and verifying additional information and documentation, has added 806 more fatalities and injuries to its earlier casualty reports for those initial days. However, in some cases, these new figures reflect reclassification of victims rather than an actual increase in total numbers.

Beyond the casualties reported in previous days, as detailed earlier, yesterday’s attacks accounted for three additional deaths and four injuries. According to HRANA’s reports, based on its volunteer network and other non-governmental sources, the total number of people killed or injured as a result of Israel’s attacks has now reached at least 1,911.

 

Civilian Casualties (Killed and Injured)
ProvinceCityDateKilledInjuredNotesNeighborhoods & Locations
KashanKashanJune 1734Checkpoint Station

According to non-governmental sources, as of the time this report was compiled (June 17, 23:00 UTC), a total of 1,911 military or civilian citizens have been killed or injured, broken down as follows:

▫️Civilians:
Deaths: 239
Injured: 335

▫️Military personnel:
Deaths: 126
Injured: 123

▫️Unspecified:
Deaths: 220
Injured: 868

▫️Total deaths: 585
▫️Total injured: 1,326
▫️Total human casualties: 1,911 individuals

While a detailed examination of various non-governmental sources documents 1,911 casualties inside Iran, yesterday Ali Mousavi, the Islamic Republic’s ambassador in London, announced that nearly 1,500 people have been killed or injured in the Israeli attacks on Iran. He did not provide precise figures but stated that 224 civilians, including 20 children, have been killed. This comes after the Minister of Health announced yesterday that 1,800 people were injured in Iran during the first four days of the attacks.

At noon yesterday, the Red Crescent spokesperson reported: “So far, 145 injured individuals have been transferred to hospitals by the Red Crescent, and 75 were treated at the scene.” Additionally, a government spokesperson said that 120 women and children have been injured as a result of the Israeli attacks.

Previously, Hossein Kermanpour, head of public relations for the Ministry of Health, claimed in a social media post that 1,481 people were killed or injured during the first 65 hours of Israel’s attack on Iran. He stated that “more than 90 percent of these individuals were civilians.” According to Kermanpour, 522 people have been discharged, with 224 killed and 1,257 injured.

Continued Israeli Strikes on Iran’s Civilian Infrastructure on the Fifth Day

On the fifth day, Israeli attacks struck civilian areas and infrastructure in the cities of Tehran, Kashan, Tabriz, Nazarabad, Zarandieh, Khomein, Qazvin, Najafabad, Ardestan, Shahin Shahr, and Naein. Among the civilian targets were the IRIB broadcasting complex in Tehran, the Nazarabad Industrial Zone, and the Zaviyeh Industrial Park.

According to documented reports, the following civilian areas were targeted: Piroozi Street, areas near IRIB headquarters, Majidieh, Andarzgoo, Sabalan Square, Velenjak, Pasdaran, and Elahieh in Tehran; Valayat District in Qazvin; and areas near Alavijeh Junction in Shahin Shahr.

Additionally, yesterday air defense confrontations with hostile projectiles were reported in Mahabad, Tehran, Natanz, Bandar Abbas, Qazvin, Shiraz, Tabriz, Mashhad, Saqqez, Sabzevar, Kermanshah, Ahvaz, Nahavand, Malayer, and Bushehr.

Alongside civilian sites, several military locations were struck, including: a checkpoint headquarters in the Kashan region, Heshmatiyeh Barracks, Al-Zahra Barracks in Tabriz, Quds IRGC Barracks in Shahin Shahr, an ammunition depot and Ayat Base in Villashahr, Hashem Abad Air Defense site in Naein, an additional ammunition depot in Ekhtiarabad, and the 15th of Khordad Barracks in Isfahan.

Communication Disruptions and Secondary Consequences

From the start of the attacks, the Minister of Communications claimed that due to the “special circumstances of the country,” the ministry had temporarily restricted internet access. WhatsApp remained blocked for the fifth consecutive day. IRIB, as the sole official radio and television broadcaster in Iran, urged citizens to delete WhatsApp and Instagram from their phones, claiming that these apps were stealing Iranian user data and cooperating with Israel.

Since the outbreak of military hostilities, access to services based on Cloudflare has also been disrupted — an ongoing issue that has seriously affected independent media activity, emergency data transmission, and real-time access to information.

This morning, Bank Sepah’s infrastructure came under cyberattack, disrupting its services. The IRGC-affiliated Fars News Agency confirmed the cyberattack and reported that because Bank Sepah supports some gas stations, fuel service disruptions may occur in the coming hours.

Later in the day, users across various provinces reported widespread internet disruptions. No official government statements have been made about these interruptions so far.

Official media outlets also reported widespread internet disruptions across multiple provinces. Simultaneously, ArvanCloud Radar and the Telecommunication Infrastructure Company’s monitoring dashboard — which show real-time internet status — also experienced disruptions. Some IT experts warned of the possibility of a complete disconnection from the international internet in the coming hours. Meanwhile, NetBlocks, which monitors internet access restrictions worldwide, confirmed the internet disruptions in Iran.

Yesterday, the Israeli attacks also shut down Tehran’s Grand Bazaar. According to published images, shopkeepers refused to open their businesses.

Arrests and Security Crackdowns

Yesterday, at least 21 individuals were arrested for online activities. Among them: 1 in Bafgh, 18 in Lorestan Province, 1 in Boukan, and 1 in Tehran.

Including these new detentions, a total of 139 Iranian citizens have been arrested over the past five days for their online activity and content related to Israel’s attack on Iran.

Additionally, Fars News Agency, affiliated with Iran’s security institutions, reported the formation of legal cases and arrests of several citizens and media outlets. According to the report, among those targeted were ISNA News Agency, Dideban Iran website, Asr Iran website, Salam Telegram channel, and individuals including Mostafa Mehryein, Motahareh Gonei, Sadegh Al-Hosseini, Ali Sharif Zarchi, Asal Esmaeilzadeh, Hassan Asadi Lari, Atiyeh Rad, Ali Taremi, Atefeh Chaharmahalian, Hadi Tabakhgar, and Hadi Kasaeizadeh. Some of them received warnings, legal cases were opened for others, and some were arrested by court orders. HRANA had previously reported the arrests of Motahareh Gonei and Mostafa Mehryein.

The Tasnim News Agency also reported the arrests of two individuals in Isfahan and Savojbolagh, accusing them of being “affiliated with the Mossad intelligence agency.” The deputy governor of Zanjan Province also announced the arrest of several individuals on charges of collaborating with Israel. Government-affiliated media also published video footage reporting that one individual in Bushehr was arrested for allegedly collaborating with Israeli intelligence.

It should be noted that yesterday, an Iranian prisoner named Esmail Fekri was executed on charges of “spying for Israel.” The judiciary’s news agency claimed that Mr. Fekri was arrested in December 2023, and after the initial verdict, the case was sent to the Supreme Court for appeal, where, “based on the existing evidence,” the lower court’s ruling was upheld.

Other Related Developments

One related development was the cancellation of all nurses’ leave across the country. Sajad Razavi, Deputy Minister of Health for Treatment Affairs, announced that all doctors and nurses nationwide had their leaves canceled and were required to remain continuously present at medical centers.

Emphasis on Compliance with Humanitarian Obligations

As stated above that among other instances, the civilian targets have included the IRIB broadcasting complex in Tehran.

While IRIB functions as a central propaganda outlet for the Iranian government and the IRGC, its targeting raises serious concerns under international humanitarian law. State media is protected as a civilian object unless and for such time as it makes an effective contribution to military action and its destruction offers a definite military advantage. The dissemination of propaganda alone does not satisfy this threshold. Absent concrete evidence that IRIB was directly used for military purposes, such as transmitting operational instructions, its targeting would likely constitute a violation of IHL.

As the field consequences of the attacks expand, the damage to civilian infrastructure and disruption of emergency and medical services have increased. These conditions underscore the urgent need for strict adherence to humanitarian law obligations, including the principles of precaution, proportionality, and distinction between military and civilian targets.

International bodies and human rights defenders have once again stressed the need to ensure safe and unimpeded access to emergency aid and protection for civilians. The ongoing indiscriminate nature of attacks without proper distinction poses serious challenges to the legitimacy of military actions by both parties.

HRA, while continuing to monitor developments on the ground, emphasizes the need for independent investigations, accurate documentation of suspected violations, and legal accountability for all parties involved.

 

Saba Blvd in the Andarzgoo area
– Tehran
KermanshahNear IRIB (state broadcaster)

The Fourth Day of Israeli Attacks on Iran: A review of the Incidents

HRANA News Agency – The military confrontation between Iran and Israel entered its fourth consecutive day on Monday, June 16, following Israel’s early morning airstrikes on Iranian territory last Friday. The conflict has since intensified, with Iran mounting a military response and hostilities continuing to escalate.

Over the past four days, military installations, civilian sites, and residential areas in at least 19 provinces across Iran have come under attack. According to official and local reports, at least 16 people were killed or injured on Monday alone. Additionally, 77 casualties have been confirmed from earlier days of the conflict. In total, as of June 16, 22:00 UTC, non-governmental sources report that at least 1,098 people have been killed or wounded since the start of the attacks, including 452 fatalities.

Geographic Scope of the Strikes

As Israeli military attacks on Iranian soil continue, yesterday a number of energy infrastructures, military installations, and residential areas were targeted in the provinces of Ilam, Kermanshah, Tehran, Qom, Hamedan, Khuzestan, Zanjan, Alborz, Markazi, East Azerbaijan, Kurdistan, and Fars. Notable sites targeted yesterday include the IRIB building in Tehran, the Musian fire station in Ilam province, Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah, and an oil refinery in Kermanshah. An emergency vehicle was also struck in yesterday’s Israeli attacks in Tehran. In addition, IRGC barracks and missile warehouses in several provinces were hit.

Explosions in some of these areas have caused widespread damage and likely human casualties. Further information is being reviewed and updated.

Fighter jets, drones, various planted bombs, Delilah air-launched cruise missiles, short-range projectiles, and suicide microdrones are among the primary weapons reportedly used by Israel in yesterday’s attacks.

The Israeli army announced yesterday that it has carried out 720 airstrikes on various locations across Iran since the beginning of the attacks.

The map below shows the distribution of attacks and defense activity from the beginning of the conflict up to the present.

Update on Casualties and Human Losses

Since the start of Israeli attacks on Iran, more than a thousand military or civilian citizens have been killed or injured in total. The military or civilian status of a significant number of the human victims mentioned in this report is still under investigation.
HRANA had reported 1,005 people killed or injured during the first three days of attacks. With access to new information regarding casualties from previous days, this figure has now increased to 1,082.

The table below provides updated casualty figures from the first three days of the attacks, supplementing earlier reports. In some instances, the changes reflect reclassification rather than an actual increase in numbers.

Updated Casualty Figures from Previous Days

ProvinceCityDateCategoryKilledInjuredNotesLocation
TehranTehranUnknown (June 13–16)Civilian121Victims include 5 childrenResidential areas
HamadanAsadabadUnknown (June 13–16)Civilian40Victims were firefightersAsadabad Agricultural Airport
UnknownUnknownUnknown (June 13–16)Civilian13Qasemi family; a 2-month-old infant was killedUnknown
TehranTehranJune 13Civilian10Shahrara
TehranTehranJune 15Civilian40Tajrish / Mohebbi Shariati Street
TehranTehranJune 15Military10Police HQ (FATA)
TehranTehranJune 15Military10Unknown
LorestanUnknownJune 13Military10Military Garrison
East AzerbaijanTabrizJune 13Military20Shahid Fakouri Airbase
QomQomJune 15Military242Hazrat Fatemeh Air Defense / Mostafa Khomeini Garrison
HamadanAsadabadUnknown (June 13–16)Military20Asadabad Agricultural Airport

 

Latest Statistics on Casualties and Human Losses So Far

In addition to the previous section, reports published regarding yesterday’s attacks have documented the deaths of 13 individuals and the injury of at least 3 others, bringing the total number of people killed or injured due to Israeli attacks—according to non-governmental sources—to at least 1,098.

Uncategorized Casualties
ProvinceCityDateKilledInjuredNotesLocation
MarkaziKhomeinJune 1520Unknown
Civilian Casualties
ProvinceCityDateKilledInjuredNotesLocation
KermanshahKermanshahJune 1601Attack on a truck dealershipDizelabad
TehranTehranJune 1630Red Crescent relief personnelUnknown
TehranTehranJune 1602Includes an IRIB journalistIRIB Building
Military Casualties
ProvinceCityDateKilledInjuredNotesLocation
ZanjanZanjanJune 1620Ansar al-Mahdi IRGC Garrison
MarkaziKhomeinJune 1660Rouhollah IRGC Garrison

 

According to non-governmental sources, as of the time this report was compiled, a total of 1,098 military or civilian citizens have been killed or injured, broken down as follows:

▫️Civilians:
Deaths: 224
Injured: 188

▫️Military personnel:
Deaths: 109
Injured: 123

▫️Unspecified:
Deaths: 119
Injured: 335

▫️Total deaths: 452
▫️Total injured: 646
▫️Total human casualties: 1,098 individuals

It is also worth noting that access to casualty data has become significantly more difficult for non-governmental groups since the first day of attacks. This could be due to government-imposed security measures or communication disruptions.

While non-governmental sources estimate Iran’s human losses at just under 1,100, Hossein Kermanpour, Head of the Ministry of Health’s Public Relations and Information Center, reported a significantly higher figure in a social media post yesterday. According to Kermanpour, 1,481 people were killed or injured during the first 65 hours of Israeli attacks, with “over 90 percent” identified as civilians. He added that 522 of those affected have been discharged, reporting a total of 224 deaths and 1,257 injuries.

However, yesterday, the Minister of Health, in an interview with IRNA, stated that 1,800 people have been injured due to Israeli attacks. Regarding yesterday’s attack on Quds Square in Tehran, he said that not only were water pipes broken, but 59 people were injured in the incident. He added that 12 people “attained martyrdom” in the Quds Square bombing, one of whom was a pregnant woman.

Continued Israeli Attacks on Iran’s Civilian Infrastructure on the Fourth Day

The Israeli army’s attacks continued yesterday, causing damage to non-military infrastructure. Throughout the day, the cities of Bushehr, Qeshm, Bandar Abbas, Dehloran, Natanz, Tehran, Sanandaj, Tabriz, Kermanshah, Ahvaz, Bandar Anzali, Bostanabad, Marand, Malayer, and Shahriar witnessed air defense engagement with hostile projectiles. Among the affected provinces, Tehran once again experienced the heaviest attacks. The areas in and around Tehran that were hit include: Khalazir village, Shahrak-e Gharb, Bideganeh neighborhood, Vavan township, Bagheri township, Olympic Village, areas around Mehrabad Airport, around Azadi Square, Tehranpars, and the IRIB building in Tehran.

Other key areas that witnessed attacks and air defense activity include: areas along the Imam Reza and Tehran–Qom highways, Marand Industrial Town, Shahrak-e Emam and the oil refinery in Kermanshah, areas around the Tehran–Saveh highway, Nazarabad and Mehrshahr in Alborz province, Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah, and a truck dealership in Kermanshah.

In addition to civilian sites, several IRGC missile warehouses in Faraman and Dowlatabad in Kermanshah province, the Fatemeh Masoumeh air defense unit, Mostafa Khomeini garrison, and the Qiam Kushk-e Nosrat pilot training base in Qom, an air defense unit in Andimeshk, IRGC garrisons in Zanjan, Sardroud, and Marivan, the Alvand missile site in Khomein, and a military base in western Tehran were among yesterday’s military targets.

Disruptions in Communications and Secondary Consequences

From the first day of the attacks, Iran’s Ministry of Communications imposed temporary internet restrictions “due to the country’s special circumstances.” The WhatsApp messaging service has remained blocked for the fourth consecutive day, and user access to Cloudflare-based services has been disrupted. These measures have severely hampered the operations of independent media, the transmission of humanitarian data, and immediate access to information.

Judicial and security authorities began threatening citizens from the early hours of the conflict. In the latest statements, the head of Iran’s judiciary announced that those arrested on charges of collaborating with Israel would be tried and punished swiftly under wartime conditions. Mohseni-Ejei warned that the harshest punishment would be imposed without leniency on individuals cooperating with Israel.

Yesterday, security crackdowns on citizens in Iran continued, with at least 15 arrests recorded, bringing the total number of arrests over the past four days to more than 115 individuals. These citizens were mostly detained for publishing content related to the Iran-Israel military conflict. Those arrested yesterday include two individuals in Kerman, two in Tehran, five in Ardabil, several in Khorramabad and Borujerd, one in Shahr-e Qods, several in Gerash County, and five in North Khorasan. In addition, 60 citizens in Isfahan Province are facing legal proceedings. The head of Isfahan’s cyber police accused these individuals of “disturbing public opinion in cyberspace.”

The newspaper Ham Mihan also published images of at least two citizens being arrested, identifying them as “individuals linked to Israel.” A channel affiliated with the IRGC published images of two detainees, claiming they were “preparing for an operation from an unfinished building.” Another channel close to security agencies released a video reporting the arrest of five Afghan nationals in Nahavand County, claiming that “several microfiles” were discovered in their possession.

Meanwhile, the judiciary announced that 28 individuals had been arrested in Tehran Province over the past four days, with some of the charges including “espionage, photographing military fortifications and restricted areas, possession of military weapons, and membership in anti-regime groups.”

In the past three days, at least 100 other individuals in Iran had already been arrested by security forces for publishing content related to the Iran-Israel conflict.

Yesterday, the judiciary also announced that the execution of Esmaeil Fekri on charges of “espionage for Israel” had been carried out. According to the judiciary’s news agency, Mr. Fekri was arrested in Azar 1402 (December 2023), and after the initial verdict was issued, the case was referred to the Supreme Court for appeal. The court, citing “available evidence,” confirmed and upheld the original sentence.

International Humanitarian Law (IHL) Analysis

On the third day of the international armed conflict between Iran and Israel, concerns over increasing violations of fundamental principles of international humanitarian law have intensified. According to Article 51 of Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions, parties to the conflict are obligated to distinguish between military objectives and the civilian population. However, reports of the deaths of at least ten children in a residential building strike and the killing of a worker at a horse stable reinforce the possibility of indiscriminate and disproportionate attacks.

The repeated targeting of locations with no apparent military value not only calls into question the principles of proportionality and precaution but also directly contradicts the absolute prohibition of direct attacks on civilians, as stated in Article 48 of the mentioned Protocol. Furthermore, under Article 57, even if a military target is located near civilian areas, the parties are obligated to take all feasible precautions to minimize harm to civilians, including the issuance of effective advance warnings—a measure that, in many cases, appears not to have been observed.

Human rights organizations have once again emphasized the need to halt indiscriminate attacks, protect civilian lives, and ensure access to emergency assistance. The Human Rights Activists in Iran also noted in its latest assessment, while highlighting concerning patterns in target selection: “Protection of civilian lives must remain at the center of attention.”

The organization has reaffirmed its commitment to documentation, legal analysis, and pursuit of accountability for all parties under international humanitarian law, warning that the continued execution of indiscriminate attacks may constitute war crimes.

International Reactions to Ongoing Conflict

As the conflict continues, the international community has issued new responses regarding the military attacks. A number of governments and international bodies have called for restraint from both parties and an immediate return to diplomatic channels. Statements released yesterday emphasized the need to avoid escalating violence, fully respect civilian rights, and ensure access to humanitarian aid.

These positions underscore the role of neutral international organizations in monitoring developments and supporting peace-building efforts, while also expressing concern over the risk of the conflict expanding further. There was also a renewed call for all parties to uphold their obligations under the United Nations Charter and the rules of international humanitarian law.

Russia and Turkey announced their readiness to mediate in order to end the conflict between Iran and Israel. A spokesperson for the Russian presidency stated that Russia remains in contact with both sides of the war and that its earlier offer to mediate still stands. Simultaneously, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, in a phone call with his Iranian counterpart Masoud Pezeshkian, said that Turkey is ready to play a mediating role in resuming nuclear negotiations and ending the dispute with Israel.

Emphasis on Adhering to Legal Obligations

With the expansion of field consequences resulting from the attacks, damage to civilian infrastructure and disruptions in emergency and medical services have also increased. These conditions further highlight the critical importance of strictly adhering to humanitarian law requirements, including the principles of precaution, proportionality, and distinction between targets.

International institutions and human rights advocates have once again reiterated the need to guarantee safe and unimpeded access to emergency aid and to protect the civilian population. At the same time, the ongoing use of indiscriminate attacks without regard for civilian locations poses a serious challenge to the legitimacy of both parties’ military actions.

The Human Rights Activists in Iran, while continuing to monitor developments on the ground, have stressed the need for independent investigations, thorough documentation of suspected violations, and the pursuit of legal accountability for all parties involved.

 

Missile strike on Farabi Hospital
in Kermanshah
Missile strike on Farabi Hospital
in Kermanshah
Dormitory of Shahid Beheshti
University of Medical Sciences
East TehranMehrabad area,
next to the Mapping Organization
One of the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs buildings in Tehran
Truck dealership in KermanshahKimi Darou pharmaceutical
factory in the Tehranpars -Tehran
Bagheri Township, Chitgar,
and Iran Mall in Tehran
IRIB (Islamic Republic of
Iran Broadcasting) building
IRIB (Islamic Republic of
Iran Broadcasting) building
IRIB (Islamic Republic of
Iran Broadcasting) building

Iran Protests: Farzad Taghavi Sentenced to Three Years Imprisonment

Recently, the East Azerbaijan Court of Appeal upheld Farad Taghavi’s sentence. He was initially sentenced to three years in prison and banned from leaving the country for two years.

According to HRANA, the news agency of Human Rights Activists, Farzad Taghavi, age 31, a resident of Tabriz, was sentenced to three years in prison and banned from leaving the country for two years on the charge of “assembly and collusion against national security and disturbing public order.”

Taghavi was violently arrested on September 27, 2022, by IRGC intelligence at protests in Tabriz. He was released on bail after 11 days of detention in one of IRGC’s detention facilities.

Since the outbreak of nationwide protests, over 18400, including journalists, lawyers, teachers, students and civil rights activists, have been arrested. For more details and statistics on the nationwide protest across Iran, read the latest HRANAs comprehensive report here.

HRANA’s Daily Review of Protests in Iran

On Saturday, August 6 and Sunday, August 7, at least 8 protests took place in Iran.

The workers of the Regional Electricity Organization in Hormozgan, Khuzestan and East Azerbaijan Provinces gathered before this organization building in each city. According to these protestors, six months after the beginning of the year, the company has not yet announced how much their salaries will increase.

The pensioners continued their protests in Ardabil, Arak and Ahvaz. They asked to free imprisoned pensioners and levelling up pensions in accordance with Supreme Labor Council’s enactment.

A number of residents of Shadegan, Khuzestan Province, gathered before the Regional Electricity Organization to protest against frequent power blackouts.

On Sunday, August 7, the volunteer firefighters of the NGO Anjoman Sabz Chia gathered before the Governor’s office in Mariwan to protest against the local authorities’ inattention to recent wildfires.

 

Two Workers Dead, Three Injured Due to Unsafe Workplace Conditions

On December 20, two workers were killed and three others were injured in three workplace accidents caused by unsafe conditions.

According to HRANA, the news agency of Human Rights Activists, quoting ISNA, a worker in Savojbolagh County, Alborz Province cut his hand on fan blades while lubricating a ventilation system. He passed away in the hospital due to blood loss.

Also according to ISNA, a fire broke out in a commercial building in Ardabil City, severely injuring three service workers.

According to IRIB News Agency, a construction worker in Neka County, Mazandaran Province lost his life. The worker fell while installing silo parts for a livestock input production company. For unknown reasons, he fell from high and died immediately.

Iran ranks 102nd in workplace safety out of 189 countries.

Director-General of Forensic Medicine of East Azerbaijan, Ali Safai, stated that during the first eight months of this year, 61 workers lost their lives in his province alone.

He elaborated, stating that, “35 workers died due to falling from high, 12 by being hit by a hard object, six by electrification, two from suffocation, one by drowning and five by fire. In addition, 1003 people have been hospitalized due to workplace accidents, of which 34 victims are women and the rest men”.

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HRANA Recap: This Week’s Protests in Iran

According to HRANA, the news agency of Human Rights Activists, a number of protests took place this week in Iran, many of which were continuations of ongoing movements.  Read our recap below for details, photos, and videos from the demonstrations.

 

Saturday, November 20

A number of workers and retirees assembled in the Worker House in Tehran. In this gathering, the workers showed their protest against a plan laid out in parliament, whereby wages can be wholly determined by a consensus between employee and employer.

“This plan will increase rural-to-urban migration and hence affect negatively the ecology”, Hassan Sadeghi, one of the workers’ representatives, commented about the plan. “It
reinforces informal employment and decreases demands in the market. In this plan, employers will be able to pay insurance contribution of just 10 days rather than 30 days.”



A group of workers of Abadan Petrochemical Complex assembled at company premises in front of the central factory building. They asked for the establishment of an Islamic Labor Council as a worker organization, pointing out that the government increases only the salary base in accordance with inflation each year, while other benefits remain the same.

Personnel of the medical treatment department of Elam University of Medical Sciences assembled on campus in protest.

A number of workers in Yazd Province assembled at the Worker House in Yazd City. They asked that the disparity in wages be closed, and that labor codes and regulations regarding worker housing be implemented.

“Considering the 47% (annual) inflation, a 20 to 30% increase in wages is never enough. Therefore, we are planning to address this issue in a session with workers’ organizations as
well as through Parliament,” the member of Parliament of this city, Mr. Jokar, commented. “Among other things, addressing the temporary contracts which undermine job security, productivity and motivations for labor force have to be prioritized.”

Sunday, November 21

In Shahrekord City, hundreds of people assembled in front of the municipal building of this Province and then marched through the streets of Shahrekord in protest against water shortages
and water mismanagement.

Families of the victims of Ukrainian International Airlines flight 752, which was hit by two regime missiles on January 8, 2020, resulting in the death of the 176 people on board, assembled and demanded that the court-martial convene and hold low-ranking military officers responsible for the incident accountable. Carrying placards and pictures of the victims, protesters called for justice.

A group of the retirees of the Fulad Company’s pension fund protested in Isfahan and Khuzestan before the building of this fund. They asked for the fortification of their pensions to stand
above the poverty line, the closing of disparities in pensions, and that the issues of supplementary insurance be addressed.

For several consecutive days, a group of workers of Abadan Petrochemical Complex assembled and protested at the premises of this complex. They demanded increased wages and that a workers’ organization be established.

Monday, November 22

In Shahrekord City, for a second consecutive day, dozens of citizens marched to protest against water shortage and water mismanagement in the province.

Recently-dismissed workers of the Aq-Dareh gold mine assembled at their former workplace to protest mass layoffs. They have stated that, as seasonal workers, they can hardly earn their livelihood during the winter months.

In Sirjan City, a number of workers of the edible oil company FRICO demanded their several-months-delayed wages.

Tuesday, November 23

A group of workers of Asminon Mine assembled on the road connecting Manoojān to Bandar-Abbas to protest against not addressing their issues. Reportedly, this was their fourth day of the protest.

Workers of the vegetable oil factory Nina, located in the Sirjan industrial zone, assembled in front of the municipal building to ask for their wage demands and determine their job  conditions. One of the workers said that the employer’s neglect towards workers’ demands has weakened their work motivation. He also mentioned that it is about three months that the factory is temporarily closed due to the lack of raw materials.

Wednesday, November 24

Hundreds of people in two squares of Shahrekord City, in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, assembled and marched to protest against water shortages, ineffective water management policies and poor resource mismanagement. They demanded, in particular, shutting down a water transfer project which extracts water from the Province through two canals, exacerbating the current water shortage. Reportedly, currently, 96.1% of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province is facing drought.

In Isfahan, for several consecutive days, the farmers assembled in the dried up stretches of the river Zayandeh-rud. They demanded their water portion and the revival of this river.

Several patients with the blood disorder Thalassemia assembled in front of the headquarter of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. According to these protestors,  the worsening quality of its medicines has endangered the health of patients. They asked for the removal of all poor-quality medicines from the market.

A number of the victims of the financial fraud of the “King Money” cryptocurrency network assembled in front of the building of the Baadraan Universal Trading company.

The seasonal workers of Haft-Tappeh sugarcane company assembled in Shush city in front of the office of Parliament member Kaab Amir. They asked that their employment contract issues be addressed.

Thursday, November 25

A number of citizens assembled in front of the office of the Cleric Ayatollah Nouri Hamedani in Qom City to protest against the family law–particularly mehrieh (money or
possessions paid by the groom). Many men, who are not able to afford to pay this money in the divorce, are convicted and even jailed.

For a second consecutive day, seasonal workers of Haft-Tappeh Sugarcane company assembled in Shush City in front of the office of Parliament member Kaab Amir.

The workers of the Iran-Khodro Company in Tabriz went on a strike and assembled at their workplace. They demanded closing the disparity in wages and implementing the Job Classification Act. 

HRANA Recap: This Week’s Protests in Iran

According to HRANA, the news agency of Human Rights Activists, a number of protests took place this week in Iran, many of which were continuations of ongoing movements.  Read our recap below for details, photos, and videos from the demonstrations.

 

Saturday, November 13

A number of retirees of the airline company Homa assembled before Mehrabad Airport Central Office Building in Tehran. They also protested against the merger of Homa’s pension fund into the national pension fund.

“We have not yet fully earned the salary for September.” one of the protestors stated. “The retirees of Tehran have received 5 million tomans of the payment but the rest of the retirees have not received anything.”

In Isfahan, a number of farmers assembled in and marched through in the dried up stretches of the river Zayandeh-rud. This is the sixth day that they have protested to demand their water portion.

 

A group of contracted teachers and educators working in Neyshabur City protested in the building of the General Department of Education of Razavi Khorasan Province in Mashhad.

Reportedly, despite news that the contracted teachers will be recruited by the Ministry of Education in the cities of Neyshabur and Firouzeh, following a dispute between the local departments and the general department of the Ministry of Education on hours and wages, the supportive plan was cancelled.

 

A group of residents in a district in Izeh County in Khuzestan Province assembled in front of the government building to demand their rights. They claimed that a portion of their land has been confiscated by the Department of Natural Resources.

Sunday, November 14

 

A group of syndicate bus drivers of Tehran Bus Company assembled before the building of Government Employees’ Court and then marched towards the Judiciary Office in Tehran. As one of the protestors mentioned, they protested against delays in payment, not receiving uniforms and contractors who are shirking their responsibilities towards addressing workers’ issues.

Personnel of at least nine medical centers, belonging to the University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, assembled and protested against authorities’ failure to follow through on promises they have made.

Retirees of the Ministry of Agriculture Jihad assembled before the office of the President to demand that their housing issues be addressed. Reportedly, several years ago, they made down payments on apartments from a housing cooperative and then were never granted building permits.

A number of contracted teachers assembled in front of the government building in Qazvin City to protest against modifications in job contracts and irregular payments. Reportedly, these teachers primary complaints relate to the arbitrary determination of salaries. They stated that their monthly salary is just about 1.8 million tomans, which falls below the poverty line.

A number of retirees of the pension fund of Fulad Company assembled in front of the pension fund offices of various cities. They asked for the fortification of their pension to surpass the poverty line, closing the disparity in pension incomes, enforcing Article 96 of the Social Security Act, solving issues regarding supplementary insurance.

A group of sugarcane harvesting workers of Haft-Tappeh Company assembled and protested at the company premises. 150 fired sugarcane workers demanded to be hired again and work in other parts of the company.

Contracted service workers of Ahvaz Municipality assembled before the governorate building to ask to be recruited by the municipality rather than contractors.

For a seventh consecutive days, a group of farmers assembled in Isfahan and marched through the dried up stretches of the river Zayandeh-rud to demand their water portion. They spent the night in tents under the Khaju Bridge.

Monday, November 15

A number of Taxi drivers assembled and protested before the City Council Office in Kahnooj City in Kerman Province to protest against the newly announced fare rates. They said that they can hardly afford their living costs with such low rates.

Tuesday, November 16

Personnel of the drilling company Global Petro Tech Kish assembled in Ahvaz City to protest seven month delays in payments.

 

Earthquake victims of Bandar-Abbas villages assembled to protest against neglect of their issues.

 

A number of workers of Sanandaj Municipality assembled in front of the City Council Building to demand their unpaid wages.

Wednesday, November 17

 

Dozens of workers of the tire manufacturing factory Barez assembled at factory premises to protest against the gap in wages and benefits.

“Many times we asked company management to do something about discrimination in wages and address our poor job conditions,” one worker said. “Considering poor economic conditions of the county, there has been no increase in our wages despite the multiplying manufactured products’ prices.”

 

Personnel of Metro security in Karaj City went on a strike and assembled before the metro station and demanded that wage and insurance issues be addressed.

 

In Tabriz, for several consecutive days, the workers of the Iran Tractor Manufacturing Industrial Group went on a strike and assembled at their workplace. They protested against low wages and the lack of job security, and the failure to enact the promised changes in their contracts.

 

For the ninth consecutive day, farmers in Isfahan assembled and protested in the dried up stretches of the river Zayandeh-rud. They spent the night in tents under the Khaju Bridge.

 

A number of workers of the copper mining company “Dareh Zar Ruchun” assembled in Sirjan city.

They protested against the mismatch of working hours with wages, not implementing the Job Classification Act, low wages, the lack of job security.

Thursday, November 18

 

A number of workers of Railway Services & Technical Construction Engineering Company working in Metro Security assembled and blocked the railway and demanded their delayed payments.

For the tenth consecutive day, farmers assembled and protested in the dried up stretches of the river Zayandeh-rud in Isfahan to ask for their water supply.

 

The Uprising of the Thirsty; An Analysis of the 2021 Khuzestan Protests

The July 2021 Iranian protests were a continuation of protests that have been erupting sporadically since 2016.

The driving force behind the July/August uprising was to protest the perennial water shortages and rolling blackouts stemming from mismanagement of resources, fueling public anger. The latest round of protests erupted on 15 July, starting in Khuzestan soon spreading to other provinces including Isfahan, Lorestan, Eastern Azerbaijan, Tehran, and Karaj. These protests have been coined the ‘Uprising of the Thirsty’.

As nearly 5 million Iranians in Khuzestan are lacking access to clean drinking water, Iran is failing to respect, protect, and fulfill the right to water, which is inextricably linked to the right to the highest attainable standard of health; both are protected by the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESR), to which Iran is a signatory. It is a common cause that Iran’s water crisis has reached a critical point. Even the regime’s state-run media have acknowledged the dire situation, with at least 700 villages out of water.

According to the state-run Aftab News on July 4, 2021, “Of Iran’s population of 85 million, about 28 million live in areas with water shortages and are under pressure in this regard, mainly in the central and southern regions of the country. Water shortages have affected all sections of society, from urban households to agricultural and rural communities.”

It did not take long for the protests to take on a political character, with protesters in various cities calling for the end of the current regime and expanding the subject matter of their protests from water shortages to deteriorating living conditions.

One protester told HRA, “My ideal outcome is to see a regime official resign in response to our suffering. We are tired of all of this misery, poverty, dehydration, neglect, lies, and empty promises.

A protester living in Tehran told HRA, “Besides supporting [the people of] Khuzestan, we are protesting unemployment, high prices, poverty, and the existing problems in the country. We can no longer bear the hardships of life created by unworthy officials. The authorities must address the problems…

In the two weeks of the uprising, Human Rights Activists (HRA) verified 129 videos documenting the protests, 361 arrests, 6 deaths, and several more wounded. HRA’s Spreading Justice team (HRA-SJ) additionally identified individual violators associated with the violent crackdown. The following report analyses the events that occurred as a result of the uprising, those responsible, and concludes with a call for accountability noting that without action, this cycle of abuse will only continue.

Read the full report here.

_________________________

For further inquiries please contact Skylar Thompson, Senior Advocacy Coordinator Human Rights Activists in Iran (HRA) at [email protected]

HRANA Recap: This Week’s Protests in Iran

According to HRANA, the news agency of Human Rights Activists, a number of protests took place this week in Iran, many of which were continuations of ongoing movements.  Read our recap below for details, photos, and videos from the demonstrations.

 

Saturday, September 25

This Saturday, the family of Amir Hossein Hatami, who recently died under suspicious circumstances in custody, gathered in front of the Greater Tehran Prison to demand accountability from prison officials. Also, in 36 cities across the country, working and retired teachers rallied in protest. Working and retired workers of Homa Airline gathered in front of the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development building in Tehran, and employees of Iran international General Contractor Company (IGC) went on strike in Asaluyeh.

Working and retired teachers in protesting in 36 cities across the country:

 

Sunday, September 25

On Sunday, a number of Workers Protests took place. Employees of the road construction and mining company Mobayen, retirees of Fulad steel company in regard to their pension fund in Isfahan and Khuzestan, and employees of Pars Tabiaat Celulose and its parent company, Kaghaz Pars, all held demonstrations.

Retired workers of a steel company (Fulad)’s  about pension funds in Isfahan and Khuzestan:

Employees of the road construction and mining company Mobayen:

Protests of workers of Kaghaz Pars company and its daughter company, Pars Tabiaat cellulose:

 

Tuesday, September 28,

This Tuesday, a number of Haft Tappeh workers protested once again. Victims of fraudulent activities boycotted a car retail company in Jam County. Additionally, retirees of the Ministry of Health in Khuzestan, Isfahan, Gilan, Golestan, and East Azerbaijan protested.

 

Wednesday, September 29

Buyers who pre-purchased cars protested Shahrkhodro Company for not receiving thir orders on time. Kerman coal company workers protested low wagest, and workers of Haft Tappeh went on strike for a second consecutive day. A number of truck drivers in Saveh also protested delays in fuel shipments.

 

Dissatisfied purchasers of cars against ShahrKhodro Company:

Workers of Kerman Coal Company demanding higher wages:

Haft-Tappeh workers on strike:

Thursday, September 30

Teachers in Qom and Markazi provinces demanded better conditions and higher wages this Thursday. Service personel of the ministry of education also protested poor job conditions in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari.

Teachers in Qom and Markazi provinces regarding wages:

Haft Tappeh workers on strike:

 

 

Two Prisoners Executed in Maragheh Prison

On July 5, two prisoners were executed in Maragheh Prison in East Azerbaijan Province.

According to HRANA, the news agency of Human Rights Activists, the identities of the two prisoners have been confirmed as 25-year-old Farhad Najafi, and 23-year-old Ali Ahmadi.

Both prisoners had previously been sentenced to death on charges of rape.

Iran ranks first in the world in citizen executions per capita, according to international organizations. The Statistics and Publication Center of the Human Rights Activists in Iran (HRA) reported that between January 1st and December 20th of 2020, at least 236 citizens were executed.

One of these citizens was executed publicly, and two were juvenile offenders. An additional 95 citizens were sentenced to death.

According to the report, more than 72% of executions in Iran are not reported by the government or the judiciary. Human rights organizations call these “secret executions”.

The execution of these prisoners has not been announced by Iranian media or official sources as of this writing.